Impact of Nutrition Transition on Food and Nutrition System

Impact of Nutrition Transition on nutrient and Nutrition SystemIMPACT OF THE NUTRITION mutation ON forage AND NUTRITION SYSTEM OF INDIAStudent Thara Baby Akshai Babu1.0 INTRODUCTION iodine of the largest solid intellectual nourishment producing farming in the world is India (Singh et al, 2012). But 21% of the derive nation is under nurture (Singh et al, 2012). About 300 million throng struggle for meeting their meals 2 times a day (Singh et al, 2012).Nutritional profile is a all important(p) factor of the progress in which nation has make in the modern days (Sachdev et al, 2004). Due to this factor there argon many effects and implications in the everyday life of the normal flock (Sachdev et al, 2004). The achievements are only for the spiritedly economically privileged sections of the fellowship. Due to the sustentationary mutation occurred, the maturement of the early adult hood disease is wholeness and only(a) of the main adverse effect in the daily living of the tribe (Sachdev et al, 2004). As a result, the rates of mortality as soundly as morbidity increase as well (Sachdev et al, 2004). Recent researches suggest that 40% of mortality rate in evolution countries are due to Non inherited diseases and the rate is 75% in developed countries (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Due to the nutritional transition and changes in the life style pattern of the sight, there is increase in the talent intake as well as light in the faculty expenditure in the daily living activities (Sachdev et al, 2004).2.0 EFFECTS OF TRANSITION IN THE NORMAL LIFE OF PEOPLE2.1. Health consequences associated with transition.By the developing of Nutrition transition, many adverse effects have been occurring (Sachdev et al, 2004). The around puissant evidence is the increase in the rate of risk towards the diseases like diabetes mellitus (Type 2), metabolic syndromes, coronary heart diseases, increased blood pressure etc. (Sachdev et al, 2004). It is judge that th e rate of incidence of disease and death due to the CHD will be about 60% rather than any other infectious diseases in the upcoming years (Sachdev et al, 2004). And besides it is predicted that India will be the country with much diabetic patients in turn among the age of 45-64 than any other develop countries in 2025 (Sachdev et al, 2004). India is likewise in the path of demographic transition where the tone of life expectancy increases while the birth rate falls (Prakash Shetty, 2002).2.2. provenderetic Consumption and life style changes due to Nutrition transition in India.Sudden changes in the quantity of dietary intake on developing countries indicate an increase in per capita availability of food (Prakash Shetty, 2002) . It is as corking as accompanied by the quantitative changes in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002).According to the food balance data sheet produced by forage And Agricultural Organisation(FAO) the fall of intake of animal plonks, sugar in Asian count ries has been increased where as the change in energy intake is small (Prakash Shetty, 2002).it is considered that the intake of fat both from vegetables and animal is drastically increase each year. Data shows that from the diet, high income group consume 37% energy from fat as well as low income group consumes only 17%.Nutrition transition affects the women and children. Mal nutrition and fleshiness are the major problems seen among women (Sachdev et al, 2004). Overweight and Obesity seen among the higher single out women where as malnourishment in the lower economic class women in the society (Griffiths Paula, 2001). According to WHO, In India 1% of the preschool childhood is prone to obesity (Prakash Shetty, 2002). As the situation goes on, India will be facing a duple challenge which is the immensegest problems, i.e., overweight and malnourishment. There will be children with overweight where as the incidence of mortality and morbidity will be also increasing at the same time due to the malnutrition (Griffiths Paula, 2001).Since 1970s, many national direct surveys have been taken by the National Nutrition Monitoring chest of drawers (NNMB), chiefly on the diet, nutrition and food consumption pattern of India (Prakash Shetty, 2002). In the year of 1975-1995, the survey was conducted and the NNMB reported the advance in the sufficient large calorie intake in India, where as there is a gradual decrease in the amount of intake of cereal and grains in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002). It is believed that because of the with child(p) uptake of proteins and fat in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Consumption of legumes and pulses which is an important book of facts of vegetable protein in the routine diet of India has decreased dramatically (Prakash Shetty, 2002).According to the Food Balance sheet data, the trend in the supply of animal product has increased from 7.0g in 1965 to 12.9gm in 1999.So the intake of energy in the diet is just double than needed. I.e. it increased to 192 kcal from 104 kcal per capita per day. The intake of high fat and energy content will result in Obesity and overweight (Prakash Shetty, 2002).India is one of the biggest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world, however much of this does not appear to be contemplated in the uptake (Prakash Shetty, 2002). May be largely the effect of their fruit as cash crops for exports and sales (Prakash Shetty, 2002).This situation can lead to the result loss of soil and micronutrients that are not advantageous to local commonwealth (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Economic development seems to contri scarcee to correctment in intakes of legumes and veggies and these changes may be advantageous (Prakash Shetty, 2002). But these changes with socioeconomic status are also ofttimes linked with less intakes of inferior quality cereal grain and increased dependence on highly polished varieties that may bring tear the intakes of dietary fibre (Prakash Shetty , 2002).2.3. Changes in Physical Activity.Due to the increased mechanization in the world, the level of physical activity has been decreased. Humans are to a greater extent relied on automatic machines and motor cars rather than manual operating brass and bicycles (Singh et al, 2012). Decrease in the productive manual work and decreased energy spend in work leads to the development of diseases. Now days, the trend is like more vacant time and less working time (Singh et al, 2012). And most of the people spend their leisure time for the sedentary activities such as watching TV, computer games and so on, gum olibanum changing the construction of leisure time and encroaching on the time usually allocated to other activities including weekday quiescence (Singh et al, 2012).3.0. FOOD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF INDIA (FDS)One of the largest food producing country in the world is India (Singh et al, 2012). But 21% of the total population is under nourished (Singh et al, 2012). About 300 m illion people struggle for meeting their meals 2 times a day (Singh et al, 2012).it shows the problem of receptiveness to the sufficient nutritive food to the poor class in past(Singh et al, 2012). The report suggest that amid the period of 1960-2009, there is a dramatically decline in the general investment to the agriculture (Singh et al, 2012). Certain measures are taken by the governing among the states in the country (Singh et al, 2012).In India Public Distribution of Food is through with(predicate) FCI (Food Corporation Of India) (Singh et al, 2012). And through this system India reduced the risk of famine but the sufficiency, the quality and nutritive value of food is still a big challenge (Singh et al, 2012).The food management aims at processing food grains from farmers at profitable prices, supplying food grains to the consumers, especially the poor and the affected sections of the society at affordable prices and maintain food weaken for food pledge and price stabi lity (Singh et al, 2012). The main important factor in familiar distribution system is minimum support price (MSP) and central trim back price (CIP) (Singh et al, 2012). The uneconomical rise in the inventory of food grains with FCI has give rise to the overall economic cost of food grain to FCI and has had an perverse impression on the efficacy of food based safety nets in India (Singh et al, 2012).4.0 CONCLUSIONIn this review, I am attempting to establish some important determinants that characterize the nutrition and development transitions that is happening in a country like India. The transitions especially demographic, nutritional, epidemiological transitions affects the normal life pattern of the people and it changes the followed systems of consumption of food, physical activities, which leads to the path of sedentarism which leads to the greatest problems obesity and other non communicable diseases (Singh et al, 2012). There are some other factors contributing to the e mergence of degenerative diseases in India. Contamination of food sources of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and toxic contaminants is common in rapidly industrializing societies. Globalization of trade encourages cash crops for export and the consequent thrust of important micronutrients, which are now not available to the local population and at the same time promotes increased vulnerability with agricultural yield subjects to the pressing of global free trade and competition (Singh et al, 2012, p. 133). Thus, economic development contributes to increasing inequalities and exposure to factors that are harmful to health and may thus contributing to increasing NCD risk in developing societies in sharp developmental transition like IndiaThe Government should plan of carrying on a continuous and exhaustive research to track the need and supply of food grains selling in the market. This would ensure future forecast onfoodprices and would facilitate the Governmentinpolicy making. U niversalisation of food grain distribution of necessity an alternative clean and transparent/ PDS method other than through the FCI at the national level and Fair charge Shops at the bottom level. This calls for developing suitable operational policies for FCI to rationalize its buffer stocks, slowly unload more inventory of cereals and strengthening of the existing PDS by bringingin transparency andaccountabilityat the ultimate distribution point. This first step will improve supply situation and prevent price rise. Thus, while the proposed NFSA will address the supply driven distribution side of the food grains, the nation needs to develop an appropriate system of food management keeping in perspective the overall demand and supply situation.5.0 REFERENCESPrakash, Shetty. (2002).NutritionTransition in India.PublicHealth Nutrition. 5 (1),175-82.Sachdev, HPS. 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